Solar energy, as an inexhaustible, renewable, and pollution-free green energy gifted by nature, is gradually becoming the new favorite in the field of water conservancy monitoring. Solar power supply systems, with their unique advantages such as cleanliness, renewability, and low maintenance costs, perfectly meet the high power supply requirements of water conservancy monitoring and contribute green power to protecting every drop of precious water. However, during the construction process of solar power supply systems for water conservancy monitoring, there are many precautions that need to be strictly followed to ensure the safety, stability, and efficient operation of the systems.
Solar power supply systems are mainly composed of solar cell modules, solar controllers, batteries (or battery packs), and inverters (configured as needed). Before construction, it is necessary to ensure that all products and components are not collided with or damaged during storage, handling, lifting, etc., especially crystalline silicon cell modules, whose backs must be strictly protected from hardware impact. The construction team should be composed of personnel who have undergone training and passed the assessment to ensure construction quality and safety.
During installation, the installation height and inclination angle of the solar panels need to be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure their power generation capacity. In the transportation industry, the installation height of solar panels is usually 5.5 meters above the ground. If there are two layers, the distance between them should be maximized according to the sunlight conditions of the day. Outdoor rubber cables should be selected for solar panel installation to prevent damage to the cable outer sheath due to long-term outdoor work. In areas with strong ultraviolet rays, photovoltaic-specific cables should be selected if necessary.
The installation of batteries is equally important. There are two installation methods: battery wells and direct burial. Both methods require proper waterproofing or drainage to ensure that the batteries are not submerged in water and that the battery box does not have long-term water accumulation. The wiring screws of the batteries should be tightened to prevent loose connections, but not overly tightened to avoid damaging the terminal posts. Battery wiring should be done by professionals to avoid short-circuit connections that could cause fires or even explosions due to excessive current.
The installation sequence of controllers also needs attention. The conventional installation method for controllers is to install the batteries first and then connect the solar panels. When dismantling, the solar panels should be removed first, followed by the batteries; otherwise, the controller may be burned out. During installation, measures should be taken to avoid short-circuiting the output positive and negative terminals of the solar cell modules before connecting them to the controller. Care should be taken to ensure that the positive and negative terminals are not connected in reverse, and the output cables of the solar panel modules should avoid exposed conductors.
In addition, various safety measures need to be strictly followed during the construction process. For example, before entering the construction site, construction personnel must receive education and assessment on construction safety and fire protection knowledge. Employees who fail the assessment are not allowed to enter the construction site. Safety helmets must be worn on the construction site with the straps securely fastened, and personal protective equipment must be used correctly. When working at heights, on steel structures, or other structures, non-slip shoes must be worn. Electricity on the site must be managed by a dedicated person and a special distribution box must be set up. Unauthorized wiring is strictly prohibited.
During construction, it is not allowed to throw trash towards buildings to prevent engineering equipment from falling from the air. Protective measures should be taken during material cutting operations. The output cables of solar cell modules must not be short-circuited to prevent fires. Automobile lifting operations in urban areas must be carried out at night and prior notification must be given to the traffic management department to obtain approval for the operation time period. During lifting operations, enclosure measures should be taken, and lifting machinery and cargo should not collide with surrounding buildings and public facilities.
The application of solar power supply systems not only solves the problems of high costs and difficult maintenance associated with traditional power supply methods but also significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring. However, the precautions during the construction process cannot be ignored. Only by strictly following all construction specifications and safety measures can solar power supply systems provide stable and reliable power support for water conservancy monitoring and provide strong support for the sustainable use of water resources.